THE UMRAH
He word Umra (also: Umrah, Omra, Omrah) itself means visit. Umra means: Ihram Tawaf (seven times the Kab “a) and Sa’y (seven times the distance between the mountains Marwa and Saf” a step) perform and then cut their hair.
The Umra can be performed as needed at any time in the year, excluded in the Hajj time.
- Ihraam (intention for the Umra take)
- Al-Tawwaf (seven-fold circling of the Kaaba
- Sa’y (walk seven times between the mountains Marwa & Safa)
Unless all of the above pillars are completed, Umra is void. The non-fulfillment of a pillar can be compensated by a sacrifice.
Abu Hurairah, who was pleased with Allah, reported that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allaah on him, said: “The time from” Umrah to the next “Umra is an atonement for the time that lies between them for the assumed Hajj there is no other reward than paradise)
As for all the deeds we hope will be accepted by Allah to benefit us in the hereafter, it is also for the Hajj and the Umrah to fulfill the three requirements for accepting Allah’s good deeds of the Muslim ,
1-Pronounce the Sincere & Pure Intent (Al-Ikhlas). “Labaik Allahumma Umra” or “Labaik Umra”
“And nothing else was commanded them than to serve Allah, to
worship Him alone and upright”
وما أمروا إلا ليعبدوا الله مخلصين له الدين
2-The love of Allah:
is an important prerequisite to the accepted Ibada with Allah
3-Al Mutaaba’ah (Following):
“And whatever the Messenger gives you, so take it, and whatever he forbids you, abstain from. And fear Allah. Surely Allah is severe in punishment. “
وما آتاكم الرسول فخذوه وما نهاكم عنه فانتهوا واتقوا الله إن الله شديد العقاب
It is Sunnah to take a shower (ġhusul), remove the underarm and pubic hair, cut nails, perfume the body (not the ihram) (only the men)
clothing
The men wear 2 unseamed shawls: (rida ‘= shawl and isār = hip scarf)
The women do not wear any special clothing. Likewise no
face covering which shows the eyes and no gloves.
These preparations are made in the hotel, at the airport, but at the latest on Miqat (border to go to the state of consecration).
Covering the head (men)
Shorten or remove head or body hair, fingers and toenails
Intercourse
Men wearing sewn clothes
Injury or tear down plants at Al-Haram.
How to be Umrah Performed?
1.MIQAT
At the Miqat you do the two prayer sessions. If known, it is desirable to recite the surah “Kafirun” at the first Rak “a and the surah” Ihlas “at the second Rak” a.
For those who create the Ihram on the plane, the two prayer units must be prayed sitting down. Afterwards one expresses the intention to Umra:
“Allahumma labaika umra” (Allah, here I am for the Umra)
.
2. TALBIYA
After completing the prayer, he should say:
“Labbaika Allahumma labbaik, labbaika la salika laka labbaik, inna l-hamda wa ni’mata laka wa l-mulk la sarkika lak.”
“Here I am, for, Umrah, here I am, O Allah, here I am. You have no partner. Here I am. Surely, all praise, all kindness and supremacy is yours and you have no partner. “(Talbiyah)
The intention to speak out and to call Talbiya belong to the obligatory part of Umra. The men pronounce the Talbiya in a higher voice and the women in a softer voice.
3. TAWWAF
Once in Mecca, the pilgrim enters the holy mosque with his right foot and says:
a’ūḏu billāhil aẓīm, wa bi wağhihil karīm, wa sultānihil qadīm, minaššayṭānir rağīm. bismillāh waṣṣalātu wassalāmu ‘alā rasūlillāh, allāhummaftaḥlī abwāba raḥmatik.
“I take refuge with Allah, the All-Powerful and His noble nature, and His eternal reign, before the accursed Satan. With all the names of Allah and the blessing and salvation on the messengers of Allah. O Allah, open for me the gates of Your mercy. ”
This supplication can be said with every Moshe. When you arrive at the Kaaba, you stop with the Talbiya and start to circle it 7 times (tawwāf). For the tawwāf wudu (ritual purity) is required! The men bare their right shoulder for the Tavwāf. Before they go to Safa, both shoulders are covered again. The orbit starts with the black stone, lifting the right hand and saying:
bismillā allāhu akbar (English: In the name of Allah, Allah is greater.)
During the tawwāf one can make one’s own supplications, or read Koran. From the black stone to the black stone corresponds to 1 round . The men go faster the first 3 laps ; ie they run with very small steps. It is Sunnah to kiss the black stone, if the crowd allows it.
Umar Z said, “If I had not seen the Prophet,” as he kisses the stone, I swear I would not do it! He is a stone that neither benefits nor harms. ”
At the Yemenite corner, one raises the right hand and says: bissmillāh Allāhu akbar In the name of Allah, Allah is greater and touches them with the right hand, but only if you do not press anyone.
Between the Yemenite corner and the black stone one says:
rabbanā atinā fiddunyā ḥasanat, wa fil āẖira ḥasanat, waqinā <aḏābannār
Our Lord, give us good in this world and good in the hereafter and protect us from the penalty of the fire.
After the 7th round the Tawwāf is finished at the black stone. The men again cover both shoulders before going to Maqam Ibrahim.
4.MAQAM IBRAHIM
After performing the seven round trips of Tawaf, he goes to
“Maqam Ibrahim” (the place of Ibrahim) and performs a prayer.
It is Sunnah to pray behind the Maqam 2 Raka’a. In the crowded, praying somewhere near.
In the 1.Raka ‘one reads the al-Fātiha and al-Kāfirūn, in the 2.Raka’ al-Fātiha and al-Ichlās.
Now you go to Zamzam water, turn towards Kaaba, drink a lot of Zamzam water and make supplications.
Opposite the black stone is the “bab-safa” = Safa door that leads to Safa and Marwa.
5.SAFA AND MARWA
Here one performs the Sa’i, in memory of the wife of the Prophet Ibrahim (ra) There Hağar went between Safa and Marwa in search of water for herself and her baby Ismail k, back and forth.
In Safa you say 1x ;
Innaṣṣafaā wal marwata min ša’āirillāh
(Safa and Marwa belong to the holy places of Allah …).
(al-baqara-158)
And then:
abda’u bimā bada’a allāhu bih
I begin with what Allah has begun.
On the hill of Safa you stand in the direction of Kaaba, raise your hands to the supplication and say:
allāhu akbar, lā ilāha illallāh, waḥdahu lā šarīka lahu, lahulmulk wa lahulḥamd, wa huwa ‘alā kulli šai’in qadīr, lā ilāha illallāh waḥdahu, anğaza wa’dahu, wa naṣara’ bdahu, wa hazamal aḥzāba waḥdahu
There is nothing to him rightly served except Allah in His uniqueness, He has no partner. Being is the rule and being is the praise and He is above all power. There is nothing rightly served except Allah in His uniqueness. He has kept His promise, given victory to His servant, and He alone has put the groups to flight.
6.HAIR SHORTENING
Outside the mosque are salons, where men can shave or trim their hair.
The women include all the hair at once, or cut from different strands each about 1.5 cm from.
You can do that later in the hotel. By cutting the hair, the ihram = state of consecration is abolished
and the Umra completed. All things that were forbidden during ihram are now allowed again.
Umrah at a glance
Ihrām on the Miqāt with the Niya for Umra
Talbiya
Niya for Umra Tawāf
Tawāf (7 times around kaba)
Prayer with two Rak “āt on Maqām Ibrāhīm
Multasam – Zamzam much more
Niya for Umra Sa “i
Sa “i for Umra (Safa to Marwah)
Shave or cut hair
THE HAJJ
Hajj (the pilgrimage to Mecca) is one of the religious requirements of every Muslim. According to the Qur’anic Law (Qur’an 3/97), every adult Muslim is required to do the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in his life, as long as he is able and entitled to do so. With the pilgrimage to Mecca, the Muslim is referred to the origins of Islam and taken to where the Qur’anic revelation was revealed. In 632 AD, the Prophet Mohammad (sas) made a pilgrimage to Mecca. The rites performed on this pilgrimage are considered authentic to pilgrims of all times.
The aim of the pilgrimage is primarily the Kaaba, which was built by Abraham and his son Ishmael as the house of God and man (Qur’an 2/124 – 129). The pilgrimage is valid only if the pilgrims submit to the conditions of a special state of consecration (ihram) and perform the obligatory pilgrimage rituals listed in tabular form on the appointed days of the month of Zu-hijaz.
Covering the head (men)
Shorten or remove head or body hair, fingers and toenails
Intercourse
Men: wearing sewn clothes
Injury or tear down plants at Al-Haram.
As for all the deeds we hope will be accepted by Allah to benefit us in the hereafter, it is also for the Hajj and the Umrah to fulfill the three requirements for accepting Allah’s good deeds of the Muslim ,
1-Pronounce the Sincere & Pure Intent (Al-Ikhlas). “Labaik Allahumma Umra” or “Labaik Umra”
“And nothing else was commanded them than to serve Allah, to worship Him alone and upright”
وما أمروا إلا ليعبدوا الله مخلصين له الدين
2-The love of Allah:
is an important prerequisite to the accepted Ibada with Allah
3-Al Mutaaba’ah (Following):
“And whatever the Messenger gives you, so take it, and whatever he forbids you, abstain from. And fear Allah. Certainly, Allah is severely punished. ”
وما آتاكم الرسول فخذوه وما نهاكم عنه فانتهوا واتقوا الله إن الله شديد العقاب
It is Sunnah to take a shower (ġhusul), remove the underarm and pubic hair, cut nails, perfume the body (not the ihram) (only the men)
clothing
The men wear 2 unseamed shawls: (rida ‘= shawl and isār = hip scarf)
The women do not wear any special clothing. Likewise no
face covering which shows the eyes and no gloves.
These preparations are made in the hotel, at the airport, but at the latest on Miqat (border to go to the state of consecration).
The executable Hajj
1.wash
On the morning of the eighth day of Dhul-hijjah, the pilgrim once again performs the ritual ablution he performed there before, Umrah, where he stays during the pilgrimage, if that is comfortable for him.
He dresses with Ihram and says:
“Labbaika Allahumma labbaik, labbaika la salika laka labbaik, inna l-hamda wa ni’mata laka wa l-mulk la sharika lak.”
“Here I am to Hajj. Here I am, O Allah, here I am. You have no partner. Here I am. Certainly, all praise, all grace and domination is yours and you have no partner. “
2. Mina
A pilgrim goes to Mina. There he prays Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha ‘and Fajrk , while he reduces the prayers with four prayer units to two units, but without connecting the prayers together.
3. Arafat
When the sun rises, he goes to Mount Arafah and prays there Dhuhr and Asr with 2 prayer units in succession at the time of Dhuhr prayer. If possible, he stays in the Namira Mosque until sunset . He remembers Allah and makes as many supplications as possible, turning to the Kaaba.
The Prophet (sallallahu aleihi we sellem) used to pray:
” There is no deity but Allah alone. He has no partner. All reign and all praises are His and He has the power over all things.
useful information
Should the pilgrim’s weary tire, he is allowed to communicate in a beneficial way with his companions or to read useful books, especially those that deal with Allah’s favor and rich gifts to us. This will strengthen his hope in Allah.
Then he should return to his supplications and make sure that he spends the end of the day deep in supplications , for the best supplications are those on the day of Arafah .
4. Muzdalifah
At sunset, he goes from Arafah to Muzdalifah and prays there Maghrib, Isha and Fajr . If he is tired or has very little water, he is allowed to put Maghrib and Isha together. Should he fear not reach Muzdalifah until after midnight, he should pray before he is there, because it is not allowed to postpone the prayer until after midnight. He then stays in Muzdalifah , making supplications and remembering Allah until just before sunrise.
If he is weak and does not feel up to the throng during Ar-Ramy , he is allowed to go to Mina at the end of the night and steal the jamarah there before the crowds arrive.
5. Mina
Shortly before sunrise, the pilgrim goes from Muzdalifah to Mina. Upon arrival, he does the following:
He throws seven pebbles one after another at Jamrat Al-Aqabah – which is the nearest place to Mecca – and says at every stone throw, ” Allah is the greatest .”
He slaughters the sacrificial animal, eats it and gives the rest to the poor. Battles are compulsory for the Mutamatti , and Qarin .
He shaves or cuts his hair – but shaving is preferred. A woman cuts her hair the length of a fingertip.
These three things should, if possible, be done in the order mentioned. However, there are no restrictions when doing one thing in front of the other.
Then he is allowed to remove the ihram. He may wear other clothes and do whatever he has done before entering the state of ihram, besides his obligation to do so in the marriage bed.
6. Tawwaf
He goes to Mecca to perform Tawaf Al-Ifdah and Sa’i – also for the Hajj. It is Sunnah’s for him to perfume himself before he goes to Mecca.
With the completion of this Tawaf and Sa’i , the pilgrim is allowed to do all the things he did before ihram . This includes duties in the marriage bed.
After performing Tawaf and Sa’i , he goes back to Mina and spends the nights of the eleventh and twelfth days there.
Jamarah
On both afternoons of the eleventh and twelfth days he is stoning the three Jamarah. He starts with the first one, which is the one furthest from Mecca. This is followed by the middle and last Jamrat Al-Aqabah. Each of the three is symbolically stoned with seven pebbles thrown one at a time. This is called the Takbir . After each of the first and middle jamarah, you take a break to speak supplications and turn to the Qiblah . It is not allowed on these two days to do the stoning in the morning. It is best to walk to the Jamarah, but riding is also allowed.
Should he be in a hurry after stoning on the twelfth day, the pilgrim leaves Mina before sunset. But if he wishes to extend his stay, which is better for him, he spends the night of the thirteenth day in Mina, and again stains in the same way as the day before.
When he is ready to return to his homeland, he will perform Tawaf Al-Wada ‘ , which consists of seven rounds of Kaba. Menstruating women and women are not obliged to do so.